[問題] GWD 0-Q35~Q37

[myron]

Q35 to Q37:
For many years, historians thought
that the development of capitalism had not
faced serious challenges in the United
Line States. Writing in the early twentieth cen-
(5) tury, Progressive historians sympathized
with the battles waged by farmers and
small producers against large capitalists
in the late nineteenth century, but they did
not question the widespread acceptance
(10) of laissez-faire (unregulated) capitalism
throughout American history. Similarly,
Louis Hartz, who sometimes disagreed
with the Progressives, argued that Americans
accepted laissez-faire capitalism
(15) without challenge because they lacked
a feudal, precapitalist past. Recently,
however, some scholars have argued
that even though laissez-faire became
the prevailing ethos in nineteen-century
(20) America, it was not accepted without
struggle. Laissez-faire capitalism, they
suggest, clashed with existing religious
and communitarian norms that imposed
moral constraints on acquisitiveness to
(25) protect the weak from the predatory, the
strong from corruption, and the entire culture
from materialist excess. Buttressed
by mercantilist notions that government
should be both regulator and promoter
(30) of economic activity, these norms persisted
long after the American Revolution
helped unleash the economic forces that
produced capitalism. These scholars
argue that even in the late nineteenth
(35) century, with the government’s role in
the economy considerably diminished,
laissez-faire had not triumphed completely.
Hard times continued to revive
popular demands for regulating busi-
(40) ness and softening the harsh edges of
laissez-faire capitalism.
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Q35:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. reveal the underlying similarities of certain arguments regarding the development
of capitalism in the United States
B. synthesize two competing arguments regarding the development of capitalism in
the United States
C. defend an established argument regarding the development of capitalism in the
United States
D. summarize a scholarly refutation of an argument regarding the development of
capitalism in the United States
E. discuss a new methodology for the study of the development of capitalism in the
United States
Answer:D
為什麼我覺得應該是C
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Q36:
According to the passage, the Progressive historians mentioned in line 5 and the scholars
mentioned in line 17 disagree with regard to which of the following?
A. Whether laissez-faire became the predominant ethos in the nineteenth-century
United States
B. Whether moral restraints on acquisitiveness were necessary in the nineteencentury
United States
C. The economic utility of mercantilist notions of government
D. The nature of the historical conditions necessary for the development of laissezfaire
capitalism in the nineteen-century United States
E. The existence of significant opposition to the development of laissez-faire
capitalism in the nineteen-century United States
Answer:E
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Q37:
The passage suggests that the scholars mentioned in line 17 would agree with which of
the following statements regarding the “norms” mentioned in line 23?
A. They provided a primary source of opposition to the development of laissez-faire
capitalism in the United States in the nineteenth century.
B. Their appeal was undermined by difficult economic times in the United States at
the end of the nineteenth century.
C. They disappeared in the United States in the late nineteenth century because of
the triumph of laissez-faire capitalism.
D. They facilitated the successful implementation of mercantilist notions of
government in the United States in the nineteenth-century.
E. They are now recognized by historians as having been an important part of the
ideology of the American Revolution.
Answer:A
scholars 對laissez-faire的態度是正面的不是嗎?

[JS]

Q35 Is D
You can tell by the tone of the article. Throughout the entire article the author always infer someone else's viewpoints. And the last paragraph sums it up by saying "These scholars argue........"

Q37 A
Laissez-faire capitalism, they (the scholars)
suggest, clashed with existing religious
and communitarian norms... ..that government
should be both regulator(to regulate) and promoter
of economic activity

[myron]

Q35 Is D
You can tell by the tone of the article. Throughout the entire article the author always infer someone else's viewpoints. And the last paragraph sums it up by saying "These scholars argue........"

Q37 A
Laissez-faire capitalism, they (the scholars)
suggest, clashed with existing religious
and communitarian norms... ..that government
should be both regulator(to regulate) and promoter
of economic activity

我想我應該是頭暈沒有看清楚,
再仔細看一遍之後,我懂了...

[stilalala]

Hard times continued to revive
popular demands for regulating busi-
(40) ness and softening the harsh edges of
laissez-faire capitalism.

想知道這句話應該怎麼翻譯比較正確
麻煩大家幫個忙
謝謝

[A級垂耳兔]

Hard times continued to revive
popular demands for regulating busi-
(40) ness and softening the harsh edges of
laissez-faire capitalism.

想知道這句話應該怎麼翻譯比較正確
麻煩大家幫個忙
謝謝

承接上一句的觀念...上面一句說雖然19世紀末期政府在經濟上的角色式微...
但放任資本主義並未得到完全的勝利....
Hard times是指對放任資本主義...
我是這樣翻譯的...
對於資本主義艱困的時間持續甦醒...因為民眾要求政府對商業介入管理..以及和緩資本主義令人看不順眼的優越條件( harsh edges 翻成粗糙的刀口也行)
反正意思就是資本主義還是受控制的...並非完全沒受到挑戰~~~

[Kal-El]

覺得hard times應該指"艱困年代"
艱困年代持續revive這popular demand(前兩段講的:希望政府介入的demand;而這demand會helped unleash the economic forces that produced capitalism)～


淺見～

[yvetteliao]

最近有被主旨題困住的感覺....

想問一下Q35不可以選B的原因是因為沒有synthesize嗎
因為原來在選擇的時候，會覺得文章是說明兩個相反論點，所以選B
D雖然是考慮保留的選項，但是後來認為提到 a scholarly refutation 比較偏頗，就沒有選
不知大家如何思考這一題?

[dibert8]

這篇文章的主旨句在第一句:
For many years, historians thought
that the development of capitalism had not
faced serious challenges in the United
Line States.
轉折在
Recently,
however, some scholars have argued
that even though laissez-faire became
the prevailing ethos in nineteen-century
(20) America, it was not accepted without
struggle.
接下來說明轉折.
文章由 (+) 轉到 (-) ,重心在後面 (-).

(A) line 11 -- too specific
(B) synthesize 沒有態度 (0)
(C) defend 前段 (+)
(D) refutation (-)
(E) new methodology -- not mentioned