Prep- T2 Essay17

[小花]

Essay #17. 639 (23835-!-item-!-188;#058&00639-00)

In the 1980's, astronomer Bohdan Paczynski proposed a way of determining whether the enormous dark halo constituting the outermost part of the Milky Way galaxy is composed of MACHO's (massive compact halo objects), which are astronomical objects too dim to be visible. Paczynski reasoned that if MACHO's make up this halo, a MACHO would occasionally drift in front of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a bright galaxy near the Milky Way. The gravity of a MACHO that had so drifted, astronomers agree, would cause the star's light rays, which would otherwise diverge, to bend together so that, as observed from Earth, the star would temporarily appear to brighten, a process known as microlensing. Because many individual stars are of intrinsically variable brightness, some astronomers have contended that the brightening of intrinsically variable stars can be mistaken for microlensing. However, whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing. Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light. Moreover, it is highly unlikely that a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud will undergo microlensing more than once, because the chance that a second MACHO would pass in front of exactly the same star is minuscule.

Question #55. 639-01 (23881-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-01)

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following would constitute the strongest evidence of the microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud?

(A) The brightness of such a star is observed to vary at irregular intervals.
(B) The brightening of such a star is observed to be of shorter duration than the brightening of neighboring stars.
(C) The red light of such a star is observed to be brighter than its yellow light and its blue light.
(D) The red light, yellow light, and blue light of such a star are observed to be magnified temporarily by the same factor.
(E) The red light of such a star is observed to have increased tenfold.

Ans D

Question #56. 639-04 (23927-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-04)

According to the passage, Paczynski's theory presumes that if MACHO's constituted the Milky Way's dark halo, occasionally a MACHO would

(A) drift so as to lie in a direct line between two stars in the outer Milky Way
(B) affect the light rays of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud with the result that the star would seem for a time to brighten
(C) become obscured as a result of the microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud
(D) temporarily increase the apparent brightness of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud by increasing the gravity of the star
(E) magnify each color in the spectrum of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud by a different amount

Ans:B

Question #57. 639-06 (23973-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-06)

The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) outlining reasons why a particular theory is no longer credited by some astronomers
(B) presenting data collected by a researcher in response to some astronomers' criticism of a particular line of reasoning
(C) explaining why a researcher proposed a particular theory and illustrating how influential that theory has been
(D) showing how a researcher's theory has been used to settle a dispute between the researcher and some astronomers
(E) describing a line of reasoning put forth by a researcher and addressing a contention concerning that line of reasoning

Ans:E

想請教55題
謝謝

[chris8888]

一共說了7句話
1. In the 1980's, astronomer Bohdan Paczynski proposed a way of determining whether the enormous dark halo constituting the outermost part of the Milky Way galaxy is composed of MACHO's (massive compact halo objects), which are astronomical objects too dim to be visible.
天文學家BP提出方法 : 構成銀河系的最外層的巨大的黑洞是由MACHO組成的, 這MACHO太暗所以看不見
2. Paczynski reasoned that if MACHO's make up this halo, a MACHO would occasionally drift in front of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a bright galaxy near the Milky Way.
P提出推理 : MACHO偶爾會漂到在LM星雲的星星的前方, 此星雲靠近MW且很亮
3. The gravity of a MACHO that had so drifted, astronomers agree, would cause the star's light rays, which would otherwise diverge, to bend together so that, as observed from Earth, the star would temporarily appear to brighten, a process known as microlensing.
大意是說 : MACHO會漂, 會造成光偏離, 在地球上觀察, 會有一種過程叫做microlensing
4. Because many individual stars are of intrinsically variable brightness, some astronomers have contended that the brightening of intrinsically variable stars can be mistaken for microlensing.
因為許多星星亮度會變化, 天文學家斷言 : 原本的亮度可能被誤解或microlensing
5. However, whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing.
然而(轉折語), 星星發散的不同的光顏色被差異性地影響, 所有星星的顏色是平等的被microlensing影響
6. Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light.
因此(結論), 如果MACHO放大星星的紅色光10倍, 他也會產生相同的效果對於藍光和黃光
7. Moreover, it is highly unlikely that a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud will undergo microlensing more than once, because the chance that a second MACHO would pass in front of exactly the same star is minuscule.
再者, 極不可能星星在LM星雲將會經歷microlensing不只一次, 因為第二個MACHO星雲通過同一個星星的機率微乎其微


Question #55. 639-01 (23881-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-01)

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following would constitute the strongest evidence of the microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud?

(A) The brightness of such a star is observed to vary at irregular intervals.
不規律的變化 ... 文章沒提到
(B) The brightening of such a star is observed to be of shorter duration than the brightening of neighboring stars.
持續期間較短, 文章沒說
(C) The red light of such a star is observed to be brighter than its yellow light and its blue light.
Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light.根據這句話, 亮度應該是一樣地被影響
(D) The red light, yellow light, and blue light of such a star are observed to be magnified temporarily by the same factor.
紅, 藍, 黃被觀察到放大是因為相同的因素
However, whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing.
Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light.
推論, 都是microlensing影響的
(E) The red light of such a star is observed to have increased tenfold.
無關選項, 毫無推論的前因後果.

Ans D

[chris8888]

請笑納

[chris8888]

In the 1980's, astronomer Bohdan Paczynski proposed a way of determining whether the enormous dark halo constituting the outermost part of the Milky Way galaxy is composed of MACHO's (massive compact halo objects), which are astronomical objects too dim to be visible. Paczynski reasoned that if MACHO's make up this halo, a MACHO would occasionally drift in front of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a bright galaxy near the Milky Way. The gravity of a MACHO that had so drifted(漂移), astronomers agree, would cause the star's light rays, which would otherwise diverge(偏離), to bend together(彎曲) so that, as observed from Earth, the star would temporarily appear to brighten, a process known as microlensing. Because many individual stars are of intrinsically variable brightness, some astronomers have contended that the brightening of intrinsically variable stars can be mistaken for microlensing. However, whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing. Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light. Moreover, it is highly unlikely that a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud will undergo microlensing more than once, because the chance that a second MACHO would pass in front of exactly the same star is minuscule.

Question #56. 639-04 (23927-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-04)

According to the passage, Paczynski's theory presumes that if MACHO's constituted the Milky Way's dark halo, occasionally a MACHO would

(A) drift so as to lie in a direct line between two stars in the outer Milky Way
(B) affect the light rays of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud with the result that the star would seem for a time to brighten

(C) become obscured as a result of the microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud
(D) temporarily increase the apparent brightness of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud by increasing the gravity of the star
第二次做選到這個D, 因為趕時間沒仔細看, 不是因為增加star的重力, 而是MACHO的重力會浮動, 導致star的光線偏離, 彎曲, 短暫的發亮, 考試要注意錙銖必較, 每一個字都要很謹慎, 不可匆然帶過趕時間, = =''' 太心急了.
錙銖必較 => haggle over every penny / dispute over every detail
(E) magnify each color in the spectrum of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud by a different amount

[chris8888]

In the 1980's, astronomer Bohdan Paczynski proposed a way of determining whether the enormous dark halo constituting the outermost part of the Milky Way galaxy is composed of MACHO's (massive compact halo objects), which are astronomical objects too dim to be visible. Paczynski reasoned that if MACHO's make up this halo, a MACHO would occasionally drift in front of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a bright galaxy near the Milky Way. The gravity of a MACHO that had so drifted, astronomers agree, would cause the star's light rays, which would otherwise diverge, to bend together so that, as observed from Earth, the star would temporarily appear to brighten, a process known as microlensing(1. 還沒講, 再往下找). Because many individual stars are of intrinsically variable brightness, some astronomers have contended that the brightening of intrinsically variable stars can be mistaken for microlensing(2. 還沒講). However(看見轉折語注意一下), whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing. Thus(看見結論語調注意一下), if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light. Moreover, it is highly unlikely that a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud will undergo microlensing more than once, because the chance that a second MACHO would pass in front of exactly the same star is minuscule.

總結 : microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度

Question #55. 639-01 (23881-!-item-!-188;#058&000639-01)

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following would constitute the strongest evidence of the microlensing of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud? 抓關鍵字 microlensing

(A) The brightness of such a star is observed to vary at irregular intervals.
不規則的改變?? 沒看見有提到
(microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度)
(B) The brightening of such a star is observed to be of shorter duration than the brightening of neighboring stars.
比起鄰近的星球, 發亮的區間較短, 沒講
(microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度)
(C) The red light of such a star is observed to be brighter than its yellow light and its blue light.
紅色的星球會更亮比起其他黃色和藍色, 剛好錯掉
(microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度)
(D) The red light, yellow light, and blue light of such a star are observed to be magnified temporarily by the same factor.
很像, 都是因為microlensing
(microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度)
(E) The red light of such a star is observed to have increased tenfold.
紅色星球的光線被增強10倍, 這話說的對, 但是已經文章中明講了, 明講的東西絕不可能出現在infer題型, 除非題目是according to the passage
(microlensing會對所有顏色的星球做同樣的事, 放大他們的亮度)

[Huang Hsin-Yi]

一共說了7句話
1. In the 1980's, astronomer Bohdan Paczynski proposed a way of determining whether the enormous dark halo constituting the outermost part of the Milky Way galaxy is composed of MACHO's (massive compact halo objects), which are astronomical objects too dim to be visible.
天文學家BP提出方法 : 構成銀河系的最外層的巨大的黑洞是由MACHO組成的, 這MACHO太暗所以看不見
2. Paczynski reasoned that if MACHO's make up this halo, a MACHO would occasionally drift in front of a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a bright galaxy near the Milky Way.
P提出推理 : MACHO偶爾會漂到在LM星雲的星星的前方, 此星雲靠近MW且很亮
3. The gravity of a MACHO that had so drifted, astronomers agree, would cause the star's light rays, which would otherwise diverge, to bend together so that, as observed from Earth, the star would temporarily appear to brighten, a process known as microlensing.
大意是說 : MACHO會漂, 會造成光偏離, 在地球上觀察, 會有一種過程叫做microlensing
4. Because many individual stars are of intrinsically variable brightness, some astronomers have contended that the brightening of intrinsically variable stars can be mistaken for microlensing.
因為許多星星亮度會變化, 天文學家斷言 : 原本的亮度可能被誤解或microlensing
5. However, whereas the different colors of light emitted by an intrinsically variable star are affected differently when the star brightens, all of a star's colors are equally affected by microlensing.
然而(轉折語), 星星發散的不同的光顏色被差異性地影響, 所有星星的顏色是平等的被microlensing影響
6. Thus, if a MACHO magnifies a star's red light tenfold, it will do the same to the star's blue light and yellow light.
因此(結論), 如果MACHO放大星星的紅色光10倍, 他也會產生相同的效果對於藍光和黃光
7. Moreover, it is highly unlikely that a star in the Large Magellanic Cloud will undergo microlensing more than once, because the chance that a second MACHO would pass in front of exactly the same star is minuscule.
再者, 極不可能星星在LM星雲將會經歷microlensing不只一次, 因為第二個MACHO星雲通過同一個星星的機率微乎其微




Ans D

翻譯的很好,我看了5遍文章,才體會出這七句話