OG48-26(美國原住民歷史)(argument)

[agk99]

Passage 26(美國原住民)(argument)

小心做，可以全對
Schools expect textbooks to be a valuable source of information for students. My research suggests, however(下段文字必與上段不同：教課書不是那麼有用), that textbooks that address the place of Native Americans within he history of the United States distort history to suit a particular cultural value system. In some textbooks, for example, settlers are pictured as more humane, complex, skillful, and wise than Native American. In essence, textbooks stereotype and deprecate the numerous Native American cultures while reinforcing the attitude that the European conquest of the New World denotes the superiority of European cultures. Although textbooks evaluate Native American architecture, political systems, and homemaking, I contend that they do it from an ethnocentric(種族自我中心), European perspective(觀點) without recognizing that other perspectives are possible.
第一段：作者態度相當明確，反對教課書扭曲事實

One argument against my contention asserts that (possible objection), by nature, textbooks are culturally biased and that I am simply underestimating children’s ability to see through these biases. Some researchers even claim that by the time students are in high school, they know they cannot take textbooks literally(不能從字義上理解教課書). Yet (重回作者態度) substantial evidence exists to the contrary(有證據證明不是如此). Two researchers, for example, have conducted studies that suggest that children’s attitudes about particular culture are strongly influenced by the textbooks used in schools. Given this, an ongoing, careful review of how school textbooks depict Native American is certainly warranted.
第二段：提出一個possible objection，但再用另外的研究反駁他

154. Which of the following would most logically be the topic of the paragraph immediately following the passage?
(A) Specific ways to evaluate the biases of United States history textbooks
(B) The centrality of the teacher’s role in United States history courses
(C) Nontraditional methods of teaching United States history
(D) The contributions of European immigrants to the development of the United States
(E) Ways in which parents influence children’s political attitudes

155. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) describe in detail one research study regarding the impact of history textbooks on children’s attitudes and beliefs about certain cultures
(B) describe revisions that should be made to United States history textbooks
(C) discuss the difficulty of presenting an accurate history of the United States
(D) argue that textbooks used in schools stereotype Native Americans and influence children’s attitudes
(E) summarize ways in which some textbooks give distorted pictures of the political systems developed by various Native American groups

*156. The author mentions two researchers’ studies (lines22-25) most likely in order to
(A) suggest that children’s political attitudes are formed primarily through textbooks
(B) counter the claim that children are able to see through stereotypes in textbooks
(C) suggest that younger children tend to interpret the messages in textbooks more literally than do older children
(D) demonstrate that textbooks carry political messages meant to influence their readers
(E) prove that textbooks are not biased in terms of their political presentations
答案是B，請特別注意，文是是正面，題目愛考反面，A選項並無涉及

157. The author’s attitude toward the content of the history textbooks discussed in the passage is best described as one of
(A) indifference
(B) hesitance
(C) neutrality
(D) amusement
(E) disapproval

158. It can be inferred from the passage that the researchers mentioned in line 19 would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?
(A) Students form attitudes about cultures other than their own primarily inside the school environment.
(B) For the most part, seniors in high school know that textbooks can be biased.
(C) Textbooks play a crucial role in shaping the attitudes and beliefs of students.
(D) Elementary school students are as likely to recognize biases in textbooks as are high school students.
(E) Students are less likely to give credence to history textbooks than to mathematics textbooks.

159. The author implies that which of the following will occur if textbooks are not carefully reviewed?
(A) Children will remain ignorant of the European settlers’ conquest of the New World.
(B) Children will lose their ability to recognize biases in textbooks.
(C) Children will form negative stereotypes of Native Americans.
(D) Children will develop an understanding of ethnocentrism.
(E) Children will stop taking textbooks seriously.

[lunar916]

158. It can be inferred from the passage that the researchers mentioned in line 19 would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?
(A) Students form attitudes about cultures other than their own primarily inside the school environment.
(B) For the most part, seniors in high school know that textbooks can be biased.
(C) Textbooks play a crucial role in shaping the attitudes and beliefs of students.
(D) Elementary school students are as likely to recognize biases in textbooks as are high school students.
(E) Students are less likely to give credence to history textbooks than to mathematics textbooks.

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請問一下,答案是寫B嘛???
我怎麼看都覺得答案應該是Cㄟ...
我是根據 "studies that suggest that children’s attitudes about particular culture are strongly influenced by the textbooks used in schools"
所以覺得是C...

[best555tw]

textbooks are culturally biased and that I am simply
underestimating children’s ability to see through these
(20) biases.
再來一個相同立場敘述
Some researchers even claim that by the time
students are in high school, they know they cannot take
textbooks literally
--> For the most part, seniors in high school know that textbooks can be biased

children : child is a human being who is not yet a adult.(senior high included)

然後題目是問researchers
mentioned in line 19
也就是態度跟作者相反的人
所以C 相反