GMAT硬功夫之 句子該怎麼讀 - 權威名師黄卓明大仙

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GMAT硬功夫之 句子該怎麼讀 - 權威名師黄卓明大仙

文章xiguagua » 2015-07-11 12:48

黃卓明,中國著名出國考試培訓專家、教學管理專家,GMAT培訓領域大師級權威。香港科技大學MBA畢業。長江商學院、曼徹斯特大學商學院(上海)中心、博森教育特聘GMAT講師。華東師範大學兼職教授、中山大學國際商學院職業導師。原北京、上海、廣州新東方學校著名教師,曾任廣州新東方學校中學部主管,佛山新東方學校校長。新東方教育科技集團優能專案創始人。
黃老師教學理念強調實戰體驗,為了最大限度地讓教學切近學生實際,黃老師堅持每年親身參加多次SAT、GMAT考試,堅信“自己考出高分,才能更好帶領學生考出高分”,踏遍大陸、臺北、香港乃至紐約考場。憑藉對教學的高度敬業以及出色的教學效果,黃老師深得全國考生愛戴,因其出神入化的考試把握,被愛稱為“黃大仙”。


GMAT硬功夫之 句子該怎麼讀
文:黃卓明
由於中國英語教育的遺毒,很多學生接觸英語多年之後,居然依然沒有解決一些最基本的問題,句子讀法就是其中一項。由於長期的字對字翻譯式的資訊處理習慣,大部分中國學生的資訊吸收習慣是將每個英文字儘量變成中文,然後將一串中文字組合起來拼湊出整個句子的意思。這個習慣對GMAT實戰的危害非常嚴重,不僅降低了資訊處理速度,更大的負面影響在於過早進入逐文書處理,會使得失去對宏觀結構的體察。

在GMAT語文的不同部分,實際上對讀句子的技術要求有所不同。簡單地說,SC部分強調視角切換,調整宏觀微觀角度,對句子大結構、定性要求較高。CR部分對句子邏輯發展要求較高,但又不能放過細節,其實是對資訊處理吸收比例要求最高的一部分。RC需要的是積極的預判型閱讀,隨時判斷句子的功能,對句子既要定性也要定向。

練功夫,我們先從SC的讀法練起吧。對SC部分句子的讀法的核心,是從“word”升級到“segment”(原則上以逗號區分板塊),從以字為單位,升級到以“意群”為單位。對句子先做定性分析,即哪個是主句,哪個是修飾部分,尤其注意定性分析中,對一團英語,判斷這到底是個句子還是個被層層修飾包裹著的短語或詞。相信大仙,練對了讀法,上升的不僅是速度,還有你對考試的理解。


1 With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have grown to exceed 175,000
A. With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have
B. With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that do not allow hunting, wildlife officials' estimate of the deer population in New Jersey has
C. With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods where there is no hunting, the deer population in New Jersey, wildlife officials estimate, has
D. Without natural predators and no hunting allowed in expanse of green suburban neighborhoods, New Jersey has a deer population that wildlife officials estimate to have
E. Without natural predators and with expanses of green neighborhoods where there is no hunting, wildlife officials in New Jersey estimate a deer population that has
讀法:句子大結構為:修飾,主句
:木有捕食者和一個神馬玩意,主語怎麼怎麼了。如果能讀出這個樣子,可見“木有捕食者”需要一個能被修飾的主語,比較各個選項可見只有C選項能被修飾。
2 An international team of astronomers working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres estimated to have 5 to 15 times the mass of Jupiter, the solar system’s largest planet.
A.) astronomers working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres estimated to have 5 to 15 times the mass of Jupiter
B.) astronomers working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres estimated to be 5 to 15 times Jupiter’s mass
C.) astronomers is working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain, having detected at least 18 huge gas sphere that are estimated at 5 to 15 times the mass of Jupiter
D.) astronomers, working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain, and has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres estimated at 5 to 15 times the mass of Jupiter
E.) astronomers, working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain, has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres they have estimated to be 5 to 15 times Jupiter’s mass
讀法:句子大結構為:主句,修飾
提煉出關鍵成分:XXXXXXXXXXXX Jupiter, planet。可見主句必須以Jupiter結尾,起碼排除2個選項。另D項按意群讀出team,working, and has,顯然缺乏第一個謂語。餘下兩個選項應該分別讀成:
Team has detected (A)
Team 在幹活(E)
在此基礎上再做判斷。
3 Initiated five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World on Columbus Day 1992, Project SETI pledged a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
(A) Initiated five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World on Columbus Day 1992, Project SETI pledged a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
(B) Initiated on Columbus Day 1992, five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World, a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence was pledged by Project SETI.
(C) Initiated on Columbus Day 1992, five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World, Project SETI pledged a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
(D) Pledging a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, the initiation of Project SETI five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World on Columbus Day 1992.
(E) Pledging a $100 million investment in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence five centuries after Europeans arrived in the New World, on Columbus Day 1992, the initiation of Project SETI took place.
修飾,主句
提煉出關鍵成分:被發起,主句(ABC),或者 承諾要幹嘛,主句
被發起的應該是項目,承諾的也應該是項目。馬上可以去掉BDE。
4 Studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
A) Studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
B) By the study of the fruit fly, a household nuisance and also a time-honored experimental subject, it was possible for the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
C) By studying a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, the fruit fly enabled scientist to begin to unravel the secrets of how embryos develop.
D) By studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance and also a time-honored experimental subject, the secrets of how embryos develop are beginning to be unraveled by scientist.
E) The study of the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled scientist to begin to unravel the secrets of how embryos develop.
學習 使得 怎麼怎麼了(AE)主謂一致沒有問題
修飾,主句。(BCD) 學習(或通過學習),主語怎麼怎麼了。主語應該是科學家,可以排除這三項。
5 The ability of scientists to provide models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions, have become ever more accurate.
A. The ability of scientists to provide models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions, have become ever more accurate.
B. The ability of scientists has become ever more accurate in providing models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to changing conditions, such as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.
C. Scientists have become able to provide ever more accurate models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to such changing conditions as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.
D. Scientists have become ever more accurate in their ability for providing models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.
E. Scientists’ ability to provide models of the atmosphere’s complex responses to such changing conditions as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions have become ever more accurate.
均為單一句子。提取主謂可排除AE。其它三項分別應該提煉為能力變得精確、科學家越來越能、科學家越來越精確。可見考察精確的修飾物件。C項更合理。

6 The computer company reported strong second-quarter earnings that surpassed Wall Street’s estimates and announced the first in a series of price cuts intended to increase sales further.
A. The computer company reported strong second-quarter earnings that surpassed Wall Street’s estimates and announced the first in a series of price cuts intended to increase sales further.
B. The report of the computer company showed strong second-quarter earnings, surpassing Wall Street’s estimates, and they announced the first in a series of price cuts that they intend to increase sales further.
C. Surpassing Wall Street’s estimates, the report of the computer company showed strong second-quarter earnings, and, for the purpose of increasing sales further, they announced the first in a series of price cuts.
D. The computer company reported strong second-quarter earnings, while announcing the first in a series of price cuts for the purpose of increasing sales further that surpass Wall Street’s estimates.
E. The computer company, surpassing Wall Street’s estimates, reported strong second-quarter earnings, while announcing that to increase sales further, there would be the first in a series of price cuts.
A 為單一句。公司報告。。。 和 宣佈。。。。
B 報告顯示, 超過。。。。。 超過的發出者不應該是報告
C 超過。。。。,報告顯示,同上
D 公司報告, 宣告。。。。。
E 公司,超過, 報告。超過的發出者不是公司
7 Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have become about ten percent greener since 1980, due to more vigorous plant growth associated with warmer temperatures and higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
A. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, reporting that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
B. Data gathered by weather satellites has been analyzed by scientists, and they report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
C. After analyzing data gathered by weather satellites, scientists report that the Earth’s northern latitudes have
D After analysis of data, gathered by weather satellites, scientists report the Earth’s northern latitudes as having
E After data gathered by weather satellites was analyzed by scientists, who report that the Earth's northern latitudes have

主句,ing(A) report 發出者不是data
Data has。。。, and 他們怎麼怎麼著。They不知道指代誰(B)
分析ing, 科學家怎麼怎麼著(C)
分析後,被收集,科學家怎麼怎麼。(D) 科學家不是被收集對象
After句子1, who。。。。。無主句(E)

Concerns about public health led to the construction between 1876 and 1904 of three separate sewer systems to serve metropolitan Boston.

(A) Concerns about public health led to the construction between 1876 and 1904 of three separate sewer systems to serve
(B) Concerns about public health have led to the construction of three separate sewer systems between 1876 and 1904 to serve
© Concerns about public health have led between 1876 and 1904 to the construction of three separate sewer systems for serving
(D) There were concerns about public health leading to the construction between 1876 and 1904 of three separate sewer systems serving
(E) There were concerns leading between 1876 and 1904 to the construction of three separate sewer systems for serving

ABC:顧慮導致建設
DE:有顧慮(注意絕對不能翻譯成顧慮怎麼怎麼了,先從大結構入手定性!)
在此基礎上判斷,可以先比較兩組內部,也可以先判斷大結構哪個更合理。
xiguagua
新手會員
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