GWD6-Q13、7-Q3 以及有關獨立主格的問題

[PYL]

有關獨立主格的問題
GWD6-Q13
Floating in the waters of the equatorial Pacific, an array of buoys collects and transmits data on long-term interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere, interactions that affect global climate.
(A) atmosphere, interactions that affect
(B) atmosphere, with interactions affecting
(C) atmosphere that affects
(D) atmosphere that is affecting
(E) atmosphere as affects
答案A 我不懂為什麼atmosphere, 後面為什麼要加名詞interaction? 第二個interaction離第一個long-term interaction 這麼遠
是指同一個東西嗎?

白勇語法中關於獨立主格結構說明如下:
"1.獨立主格結構在句首或句尾，起狀語(adv)作用，表伴隨原因、條件、狀態等
2.一般獨立主格，與主句形成鬆散的邏輯關係，型式為:n+n;n+Ved/Ving;n+prep phr.;n+adj phr..."

我的想法是:atmosphere (n), interaction (n)--->獨立主格形式
這樣想對嗎?

GWD7-Q3
The state has proposed new rules that would set minimum staffing levels for nurses, rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room.(A) rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room
(B) rules with the intent of ensuring one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients to be put through triage in a hospital emergency room
(C) rules intending to ensure at least on nurse is assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room put through triage
(D) with the intent of ensuring that at least one nurse should be assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room that are put through triage
(E) and this is intended to ensure one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room
答案 A 兩個rules也是離好遠，可以說是dangling嗎?

感謝!

[Kal-El]

這是"替代字同位語"